Triglyceride | Minecraft Edu

Triglyceride – fats, organic substances. They are obtained by combining triatomic alcohol Glycerol and Carboxylic acids.
( Saturated Fatty Acids: Stearic acid, Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Oleic acid, etc)

Esterificación

Chemistry Zumdahl, 7 ed. Houghton Mifflin Company Boston New York

Chemistry_Z-textbook.pdf

(pages 429-430, 628, 1014-1015 of a chemical textbook)

What is characteristic of Carboxylic acids?

In living organisms perform primarily structural and energy functions: they are the main component of the cell membrane, and in fat cells the body’s energy reserve is preserved. Fats are esters.

Fats are viscous liquids or solids, lighter than water. Their density varies between 0.9 and 0.95 g / cm³. In water they do not dissolve, but dissolve in many organic solvents (benzene, dichloroethane, ether, etc.)

Along with carbohydrates and proteins, fats are one of the main components of nutrition. Liquid fats of vegetable origin are usually called oils (pages 262-263, 883, 1007 of a chemical textbook).

What the different unsaturated vegetable oil and saturated?

Chemical properties

Hydrolysis for fats is carried out under the influence of mineral acids and alkalis when heated. Hydrolysis of fats in living organisms occurs under the influence of enzymes. The result of hydrolysis is the formation of glycerol and the corresponding carboxylic acids:

С₃H₅(COO)₃-R + 3H₂O ↔ C₃H₅(OH)₃ + 3RCOOH

The decomposition of fats into glycerin and salts of higher carboxylic acids is carried out by treatment with alkali – (sodium hydroxide), superheated steam, and sometimes – with mineral acids. This process is called saponification of fats.

С₃H₅(COO)₃-(C₁₇H₃₅)₃ + 3NaOH → C₃H₅(OH)₃ + 3C₁₇H₃₅COONa

tristearin (fat) + caustic soda → glycerin + sodium stearate (soap)

Vegetable oils contain unsaturated carboxylic acid residues, so they can be hydrogenated (page 1007 of a chemical textbook). Through the heated mixture of oil with a finely divided nickel catalyst, hydrogen is passed through, which joins the double bonds of unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals. As a result of the reaction, the liquid oil turns into a solid fat. This fat is called combined fat.

What is the formula for Propane?

Application of fats

Food industry (in particular, confectionery).
Pharmaceuticals
Manufacture of soap and cosmetics
Manufacture of lubricants

Answers

Carboxil group COOH.
Saturated containing carbon-carbon single bonds.
CH₃CH₂CH₃

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